Avaliação do conhecimento do enfermeiro sobre hemotransfusão em um hospital de referência em trauma / Evaluation of nurses knowledge about hemotransfusion in a trauma reference hospital

Os profissionais de enfermagem exercem um papel fundamental na segurança transfusional. A atuação da equipe de enfermagem não é limitada à apenas administrar os hemocomponentes, uma vez que tem a responsabilidade de prestar uma assistência livre de danos decorrentes de imperícia, negligência e imprudência. Portanto, esses profissionais devem ter conhecimento das boas práticas relacionadas ao ciclo produtivo do sangue e componentes, garantindo a qualidade dos processos e produtos, reduzindo os riscos sanitários e garantindo a segurança transfusional. Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento do enfermeiro sobre hemotransfusão, explorando os principais pontos da legislação que aborda o ciclo do sangue, enfatizando principalmente os conhecimentos necessários durante o ato transfusional. Materias e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, transversal, quantitativo, descritivo, realizado em um hospital de referência em urgência e trauma no estado de Goiás, sendo a coleta de dados estruturada por meio de questionário semi-estruturado, abordando os seguintes temas: legislação sobre o assunto, sistema ABO e Rh, bolsa de coleta, tempo de administração, reação adversa imediata e tardia. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída de 35 enfermeiros (n), que atuam na assistência direta ao paciente crítico nas quatro UTIs de um hospital de urgências de no estado de Goiás: 62,9% afirmam que nunca participaram de educação continuada sobre transfusão sanguínea, 68,6 % desconhecem a classificação das reações transfusionais quanto ao tempo de manifestação do quadro clínico. 37,1% apresentaram resposta satisfatória quanto a iniciar a transfusão de concentrado de hemácias de acordo com o percentual de perda volêmica no choque hemorrágico. Considerações finais: Os enfermeiros não têm os conhecimentos necessários para realizar de forma competente o ato transfusional, podendo comprometer a segurança do paciente e a qualidade do serviço de saúde. Parte das fragilidades podem estar relacionadas à formação acadêmica, já que, uma parcela considerável de profissionais relataram não ter cursado disciplina que abordasse a hemoterapia durante a graduação. Espera-se que esse trabalho possa contribuir com o conhecimento e desenvolvimento de estudos sobre a terapia transfusional e que possa servir de base para formulação de avaliação e treinamentos dos profissionais envolvidos na terapia transfusional

Nursing professionals play a key role in transfusion safety. The performance of the nursing team is not limited to just administering the blood components, since it has the responsibility to provide assistance free of damage resulting from malpractice, negligence and recklessness. Therefore, these professionals must be aware of good practices related to the production cycle of blood and components, ensuring the quality of processes and products, reducing health risks and ensuring transfusion safety. Objective: Evaluate nurses´knowledge about blood transfusion, exploring the main points of the legislation that addresses the blood cycle, emphasizing mainly the necessary knowledge during the transfusion act. Methodology: This is an exploratory, cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive study, carried out in a reference hospital in emergency and trauma in the state of Goiás, with data collection structured through a semi-structured questionnaire, covering the following topics: legislation on the subject, ABO and RH system, collection bag, administration time, immediate and late adverse reaction. Results: The sample consisted of 35 nurses (n), who work in direct assistance to critical patients in the four ICUs of hospital de emergency in the state of Goiás: 62.9% claim that they have never participated in continuing education on blood transfusion, 68.6% are unaware of classification of transfusion reactions according to the time of manifestation of the clinical condition. 37.1% had a satisfactory response regarding initiating the transfusion of packed red blood cells according to the percentage of volume loss in hemorrhagic shock. Final considerations: Nurses do not have the necessary knowledge to competently perform the transfusion act, which may compromise patient safety and the quality of the health service. Part of the weaknesses may be related to academic training, since a considerable portion of professionals reported not having taken a course that addressed hemotherapy during graduation. It is hoped that this work can contribute to the knowledge and development of studies on transfussion therapy and that it can serve as a basis for the formulation of evaluation and training of professionals involved in transfusion therapy

A hemotransfusão sob a perspectiva do cuidado de enfermagem / Hemotransfusion under the perspective of nursing care / La hemotransfusión bajo la perspectiva del cuidado de enfermería

Objetivo: verificar a atuação da equipe de enfermagem durante a assistência em terapêutica transfusional. Método: pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Participaram do estudo 31 membros da equipe de enfermagem lotados em um hospital público e de ensino, habilitado como unidade de alta complexidade em oncologia. Os dados foram coletados entre setembro e dezembro de 2017 em duas etapas: por intermédio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de um checklist para observação. Os dados foram agrupados, dispostos em tabelas e apresentados em frequência simples e valores absolutos e avaliados por análise temática. Resultados: a maioria dos profissionais referiu não se sentir apta a prestar a assistência transfusional. Observou-se não conformidade em aplicar normas de biossegurança, uma ineficaz monitoração do paciente e ausência do registro de informações sobre a assistência prestada. Conclusão: destaca-se a importância da capacitação contínua dos profissionais e a implementação de instrumentos que possam assegurar a assistência transfusional segura

Objective: this paper assesses the nurses' performance throughout transfusion therapy. Methods: it is a descriptive-exploratory research with both qualitative and quantitative approaches, which was performed with 31 members of the nursing team in a highly complex oncology unit at a public teaching hospital. Data collection took place from September to December 2017 by using semi-structured interviews and a checklist for observation. The data were organized in a spreadsheet for calculating simple frequencies and absolute values. After this, data were submitted to thematic analysis. Results: most professionals reported not being able to provide transfusion care, lacked information on proper care and monitored the patients ineffectively. Furthermore, they did not meet biosecurity standards. Conclusion: it is highlighted the importance of continuous training and implementation of instruments that can ensure safe transfusion care

Objetivo: verificar la actuación del equipo de enfermería durante la asistencia en terapéutica transfusional. Método: investigación descriptiva y exploratoria, con abordaje cuantitativo. Participaron del estudio treinta y un miembros del equipo de enfermería abarrotados en un hospital público y de enseñanza, habilitado como unidad de alta complejidad en oncología. Los datos fueron recolectados entre septiembre y diciembre de 2017 en dos etapas: por intermedio de entrevistas semiestructuradas y de un check list para observación. Los datos fueron agrupados, dispuestos en tablas y presentados en frecuencia simple y valores absolutos y también evaluados por análisis temático. Resultados: la mayoría de los profesionales mencionaron no sentirse aptos para prestar la asistencia transfusional. Se observó no conformidad en aplicar normas de bioseguridad, un ineficaz monitoreo del paciente y ausencia del registro de informaciones sobre la asistencia prestada. Conclusión: se destaca la importancia de la capacitación continua de los profesionales y la implementación de instrumentos que puedan asegurar la asistencia transfusional segura

Using Simulation-Based Education to Improve Team Communication During a Massive Transfusion Protocol in the OR.

Hemorrhaging during operative and other invasive procedures can result in devastating outcomes for surgical patients. An effective plan of action in the form of a massive transfusion protocol (MTP), along with teamwork and clear communication among OR personnel, is critical during a hemorrhagic crisis to improve patient outcomes. However, perioperative personnel may be unprepared to manage a hemorrhagic crisis because they lack experiential knowledge of these uncommon, high-risk scenarios. Perioperative leaders at a 500-bed acute-care hospital in the Midwest developed an educational activity involving a video-recorded simulated MTP scenario, learning modules, and debriefing sessions to educate more than 150 employees. Perioperative personnel received pre-education and watched the video-recorded MTP simulation together, and then participated in team debriefings after watching the video. Based on team debriefings and evaluation feedback, most staff members believed that the activity improved team communication.

Colocación de pulseras identificativas y de grupo sanguíneo en quirófano de ortopedia / Use of identification and blood type wristbands at the orthopedic surgery operating room

OBJETIVO: determinar si es correcta la identificación a través de las pulseras identificativas y de grupo sanguíneo en los pacientes intervenidos de cirugía ortopédica. MÉTODO: estudio descriptivo transversal. La población de estudio fueron los pacientes intervenidos de cirugía ortopédica de prótesis de rodilla y cadera en el Hospital Universitario de Burgos. Técnica de recogida de los datos: observación directa. Variables de estudio: sexo; edad; tipo de cirugía; lado de la cirugía; colocación de pulseras; portador de vía venosa; canalización de vía en quirófano; calibre; retirada de las pulseras; sustitución de las pulseras; tiempo sin pulseras; vía y pulsera en el mismo brazo y planta de origen. RESULTADOS: se analizaron 153 casos. El 100% de los pacientes contaba con una pulsera identificativa y el 98% tenía pulsera de grupo sanguíneo. Fue necesario retirar por colocación incorrecta el 27% de las pulseras identificativas y el 29% de las de grupo sanguíneo; todas fueron sustituidas. La media del tiempo que el paciente pasó en el quirófano sin pulsera con datos personales fue de 51,62 minutos y sin la pulsera de grupo sanguíneo de 50,36 minutos. CONCLUSIONES: la gran mayoría de los pacientes se encontraban correctamente identificados a través de las dos pulseras, aunque por necesidades de la cirugía en algunos casos debían retirarse quedando los pacientes sin identificar durante aproximadamente una hora. La comunicación e información con las enfermeras resulta fundamental para mejorar la calidad de los cuidados y la seguridad del enfermo

OBJECTIVE: to determine if there is an adequate use of identification and blood type wristbands in patients undergoing ortophedic surgery. METHOD: a cross-sectional descriptive study. The study population consisted of patients who had undergone orthopedic surgery for knee and hip prosthesis at the Hospital Universitario de Burgos. Data collection technique: direct observation. Study variables: gender, age, type of surgery, side of surgery, wristband placement, central venous line, IV line catheterization at the operating room, gauge, wristband removal, wristband replacement, time without wristbands, IV line and wristband in the same arm, and ward of origin. RESULTS: the study analyzed 153 cases; 100% of patients had an identification wristband, and 98% had blood type wristbands. It was necessary to remove 27% of the identification wristbands and 29% of the blood type wristbands due to incorrect placement; all of them were replaced. The mean time that the patient stayed at the operating room without a personal data wristband was 51.62 minutes, and 50.36 minutes without blood type wristband. CONCLUSIONS: the vast majority of patients were adequately identified through the two wristbands; though, for surgical requirements, in some cases these had to be removed, and patients were unidentified during approximately one hour. Communication and information with nurses becomes essential in order to improve the quality of care and patient safety

Blood School.

OBJECTIVES: To describe and evaluate a laboratory-based nursing education activity on transfusion to improve patient safety, an often-neglected opportunity. METHODS: Our transfusion service developed a day-long "Blood School" to provide knowledge, skills, and behaviors to nurses in four aspects of transfusion: blood ordering, sample collection, transfusion procedures, and recognition and reporting of transfusion reactions. We collected survey data on methods and effects of training and hard data on the number of reported patient safety events. RESULTS: Nurses want more hands-on experience to understand transfusion concepts, practice hospital procedures, recognize latent problems, and have behaviors to act effectively. We observed that engagement and understanding are best where participation is highest. Reported patient safety events were lower even as self-reported nursing mistakes increased. CONCLUSIONS: Blood School is a well-received and effective site for nursing education in transfusion. We seek ways to extend and improve laboratory-based nursing training to improve patient safety.

Guía de cuidados de enfermería para la administración de la sangre y sus componentes (Revisión integrativa) / Nursing Care Guide for the administration of blood and its components (integrative review) / Guia de cuidados de enfermagem para a administração de sangue e seus componentes (revisão integrativa)

Resumen 13. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar la mejor evidencia científica que respalda el cuidado de enfermería a las personas que reciben una transfusión de sangre y sus componentes. La metodología siguió las pautas de la revisión integrativa partiendo de una pesquisa general a partir de la que se redactó una pregunta utilizando el formato PCC (Población, concepto y contexto); se estableció una estrategia de búsqueda de información en bases de datos en idioma español, inglés y portugués. Se llevó a cabo la selección y análisis crítico e interpretación de la evidencia encontrada. Se identificó inicialmente un total de 3543 artículos, de los que se removió 3513 (por duplicación) y se excluyó 30 (por título); por tanto, se seleccionó 16. Como resultado, se destaca los cuidados de enfermería antes, durante y posterior a la administración de los hemocomponentes, relacionados con el receptor, calidad del producto, materiales, prevención y valoración e intervención oportuna ante eventuales reacciones adversas. Se concluye que los cuidados de enfermería establecidos son semejantes entre los diferentes documentos, esta revisión integrativa se considera una guía óptima, para que los profesionales apliquen las diferentes actividades descritas para mejorar la calidad del procedimiento de transfusión de hemocomponentes en las instituciones de salud.

Abstract 17. The objective of this research was to identify the best scientific evidence that supports nursing care for people who receive a transfusion of blood and its components. The methodology followed the guidelines of the integrative review based on a general survey from which a question was written using the PCC format (Population, concept and context); an information search strategy was established in Spanish, English and Portuguese databases. The selection and critical analysis and interpretation of the evidence found was carried out. A total of 3543 articles were initially identified, of which 3513 were removed (by duplication) and 30 were excluded (by title); therefore, 16 were selected. As a result, the nursing care before, during and after the administration of blood components, related to the recipient, product quality, materials, prevention and assessment and timely intervention in the event of adverse reactions is highlighted. It is concluded that the established nursing care is similar among the different documents, this integrative review is considered an optimal guide for professionals to apply the different activities described to improve the quality of blood transfusion procedure in health institutions.

Resumo 21. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar as melhores evidências científicas que sustentam o cuidado de enfermagem às pessoas que recebem transfusão de sangue e seus componentes. A metodologia seguiu as diretrizes da revisão integrativa com base em uma pesquisa geral da qual uma questão foi escrita usando o formato PCC (População, conceito e contexto); uma estratégia de busca de informações foi estabelecida em bancos de dados espanhóis, ingleses e portugueses. A seleção e análise crítica e interpretação das evidências encontradas foram realizadas. Um total de 3543 artigos foram inicialmente identificados, dos quais 3513 foram removidos (por duplicação) e 30 foram excluídos (por título); portanto, foram selecionados 16. Como resultado, destaca-se o cuidado de enfermagem antes, durante e após a administração dos componentes sanguíneos, relacionado ao receptor, qualidade do produto, materiais, prevenção e avaliação e intervenção oportuna em caso de reações adversas. Conclui-se que a assistência de enfermagem estabelecida é semelhante entre os diferentes documentos, sendo essa revisão integrativa considerada um guia ótimo para que os profissionais apliquem as diferentes atividades descritas para melhorar a qualidade do procedimento de transfusão sanguínea nas instituições de saúde.

[Virtual reality, a safety tool for nursing care in transfusion practice]. / La réalité virtuelle, un outil de sécurité pour les soins infirmiers en transfusion.

Virtual reality is an innovative solution in simulation when it is used to reinforce caregivers' skills. A health facility has set up a continuing professional development programme using this technique. It has enabled caregivers to reinforce their skills in the area of blood transfusion safety.

Hypocalcemia and Massive Blood Transfusions: A Pilot Study in a Level I Trauma Center.

Trauma is a leading cause of death in the United States, and uncontrolled hemorrhage is often the primary cause of mortality. Massive transfusions provide lifesaving treatment for the bleeding trauma patient; yet, this is not a benign intervention. Calcium levels can be significantly decreased with rapidly transfused blood products due to the citrate preservative that is added. Citrate binds to the patient's endogenous calcium when blood products are administered, rendering calcium inactive. As a result, undesirable physiological effects can occur. Although there is a plethora of evidence reporting the negative effects of hypocalcemia during resuscitation, the research for standardization of calcium monitoring and replacement during a massive transfusion event is less robust. Consequently, monitoring and replacement of this vital electrolyte are often overlooked. Trauma department employees at an urban academic hospital were given a pretest to assess their knowledge of calcium monitoring and replacement during a massive transfusion. On the basis of test results and a need for staff education, a short, animated video was designed and distributed for viewing. Following the educational video, a posttest was administered and yielded higher scores when compared with the pretest (p = .001). Lack of knowledge and national standards may be root causes for hypocalcemia. Educational interventions such as innovative, brief videos can be effective for enhancing staff members' knowledge and improving patient care.

Characteristics of palliative home care for patients with hematological tumors compared to those of patients with solid tumors.

Home care medicine is a platform for providing supportive care for end-stage cancers. However, for undefined reasons, patients with hematological tumors (HTs) often fail to receive opportunities for home care. We, therefore, sought to delineate the clinical differences between solid tumors (STs) and HTs and to determine whether home care is effective for patients with HTs, as well as those with STs. We retrospectively analyzed the treatments, prognosis, and places of death of patients with STs (n = 99) and HTs (n = 20) who received palliative home care in our clinic and subsequently died between May 2016 and May 2018. Patients with HTs commonly required intravenous antibiotics, platelet transfusion, and red blood cell transfusion, while patients with STs tended to more frequently require the use of opioids. Importantly, there were no significant differences between the cohorts with respect to survival time and frequency of emergent visits to patients after their referral to us. Furthermore, most patients in both groups died at home. More than 50% of patients were not admitted to hospitals during our follow-up. Collectively, while therapeutic approaches sometimes differ, this study provides clinical evidence that palliative home care can be feasible even for patients with HTs.

Conocimiento de los profesionales enfermería sobre normativa de trasfusión de hemocomponentes / Nursing professionals' knowledge of hemocomponent transfusion regulations / Conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre os regulamentos de transfusão hemocomponente

Resumen Este artículo es la primera parte de una investigación, el objetivo fue evaluar el conocimiento y cumplimiento de la normativa establecida para la transfusión de hemocomponentes en un hospital Clase A de la Seguridad Social en Costa Rica por parte de enfermeras (os). Se contó con una población de 206 enfermeras (os) que laboran en los servicios de medicina, cirugía, ginecología, maternidad, neurocirugía, unidad de cuidado intensivo médico y quirúrgico. La muestra fue estratificada de 124 participantes. La investigación es cuantitativa, transversal/retrospectivo. Se utilizó un instrumento autoadministrado para la recolección de datos con los aspectos de la normativa transfusional; para el análisis de datos se utilizó el sistema Surveymonkey. Los resultados evidenciaron que existe un porcentaje importante de enfermeras (os) que desconocen aspectos básicos de la normativa institucional para la transfusión sanguínea. Se concluye que es necesario socializar la normativa, de manera que se ofrezca seguridad al usuario y enfermeras (os) en el proceso transfusional.

Abstract This article is the first part of an investigation; the objective was to evaluate the knowledge and compliance of established regulations for the transfusion of blood components in a Class A Social Security hospital in Costa Rica by nurses. There was a population of 206 nurses working in the medical, surgical, gynecology, maternity, neurosurgery, medical, and surgical intensive care units. 124 participants stratified the sample. The research is quantitative, cross-sectional / retrospective. A self-administered instrument was used for data collection with the aspects of transfusion regulations; for data analysis the Surveymonkey system was used. The results showed that there is an important percentage of nurses who do not know basic aspects of the institutional regulations for blood transfusion. It is concluded that it is necessary to socialize the legislation, so as to offer safety to the user and nurses in the transfusion process.

Resumo Este artigo é a primeira parte de uma investigação; o objetivo é avaliar o conhecimento e o cumprimento das normas estabelecidas para a transfusão de hemocomponentes em um hospital de Classe A da Previdência Social em Costa Rica por enfermeiras. Se cont com população de 206 profissionais de enfermagem que trabalhavam nos serviços de medicina, cirurgia, ginecologia, maternidade, neurocirurgia, unidade de terapia intensiva médica e cirúrgica. Uma amostra estratificada de 124 participantes foi obtida. A pesquisa é de abordagem quantitativa, transversal / retrospectiva. Utilizou-se um instrumento de coleta de dados autoadministrado com aspectos das normas de transfusão e a análise dos dados foi realizada com o sistema Surveymonkey. Os resultados mostraram que existe um percentual significativo de enfermeiras que desconhecem aspectos básicos dos regulamentos institucionais para a transfusão de hemocomponentes. Conclui-se que é necessário socializar os regulamentos, de forma a oferecer segurança ao usuário e aos enfermeiras no processo de transfusão.

Blood and Marrow Transplantation RN Fellowship: Design, Outcomes, and Facilitating Transition to Practice.

Recruiting and retaining blood and marrow transplantation (BMT) nurses remains challenging. In accordance with the Institute of Medicine recommendation to establish programs to prepare nurses for transition to specialty practice areas, a BMT fellowship program was designed and implemented at a large academic medical center. The yearlong fellowship program consists of monthly class sessions, observation experiences, case study presentations, and evidence-based project development. Outcomes related to retention, certification, and scholarship are presented.

CE: A Review of Current Practice in Transfusion Therapy.

: In the United States, roughly 4.5 million patients per year receive transfusions of various blood products. Despite the lifesaving benefits of transfusion therapy, it is an independent risk factor for infection, morbidity, and death in critically ill patients. It's important for nurses to understand the potential complications patients face when blood products are administered and to recognize that patients who have received blood products in the past remain at risk for delayed reactions, including immune compromise and infection. Here, the authors review the blood products that are commonly transfused; discuss potential complications of transfusion, as well as their associated signs and symptoms; and outline current recommendations for transfusion therapy that are widely supported in the medical and nursing literature.

Simplified Blood Transfusion.

Editor's note: From its first issue in 1900 through to the present day, AJN has unparalleled archives detailing nurses' work and lives over more than a century. These articles not only chronicle nursing's growth as a profession within the context of the events of the day, but they also reveal prevailing societal attitudes about women, health care, and human rights. Today's nursing school curricula rarely include nursing's history, but it's a history worth knowing. To this end, From the AJN Archives highlights articles selected to fit today's topics and times.At one time, blood transfusions were routinely performed only in an operating room (OR). This 1937 article describes how one hospital found a way to change this practice by bringing the OR to the bedside. Author Frances A. Burgess details the contents of the sterile tray and recommends including a second sterile instrument pack in case a "cut down" might be needed for vein access. An OR nurse brings the equipment cart to the ward and assists with the transfusion.Burgess ends her article by emphasizing the benefits of the new protocol, highlighting priorities that will sound familiar to today's hospital nurses. "With this method the operating rooms are not held up by transfusions when as many as seven to nine are given in a day, and ill patients need not be moved to the operating room."For a review of blood products, current recommendations for their use, and the potential complications of transfusions, see "A Review of Current Practice in Transfusion Therapy" in this issue.

Accurate costs of blood transfusion: a microcosting of administering blood products in the United Kingdom National Health Service.

BACKGROUND: In an environment of limited health care resources, it is crucial for health care systems which provide blood transfusion to have accurate and comprehensive information on the costs of transfusion, incorporating not only the costs of blood products, but also their administration. Unfortunately, in many countries accurate costs for administering blood are not available. Our study aimed to generate comprehensive estimates of the costs of administering transfusions for the UK National Health Service. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A detailed microcosting study was used to cost two key inputs into transfusion: transfusion laboratory and nursing inputs. For each input, data collection forms were developed to capture staff time, equipment, and consumables associated with each step in the transfusion process. Costing results were combined with costs of blood product wastage to calculate the cost per unit transfused, separately for different blood products. Data were collected in 2014/15 British pounds and converted to US dollars. RESULTS: A total of 438 data collection forms were completed by 74 staff. The cost of administering blood was $71 (£49) per unit for red blood cells, $84 (£58) for platelets, $55 (£38) for fresh-frozen plasma, and $72 (£49) for cryoprecipitate. CONCLUSIONS: Blood administration costs add substantially to the costs of the blood products themselves. These are frequently incurred costs; applying estimates to the blood components supplied to UK hospitals in 2015, the annual cost of blood administration, excluding blood products, exceeds $175 (£120) million. These results provide more accurate estimates of the total costs of transfusion than those previously available.

Is This a Blood Transfusion Reaction? Don't Hesitate; Check It Out.

Blood transfusions can be lifesaving. The majority are completed without incident. However, every transfusion recipient runs the risk of developing a transfusion reaction or adverse event. These reactions can be acute, occurring during or soon after transfusion, or delayed, occurring days to weeks later. Nurses need to be able to recognize and respond to these reactions appropriately.

Enfermero transfusor como especialidad complementaria en las Fuerzas Armadas / Transfusion nurse as a complementary specialisation in the Armed Forces

La sangre es un recurso crítico de disponibilidad limitada, necesidad imprevisible y con gran dependencia del transporte para su suministro a zona de operaciones. La sanidad militar de los ejércitos aliados plantea diversas soluciones: donación de emergencia, de sangre total y plaquetoaféresis, transfusión de sangre completa, congelación de hemocomponentes, instauración del «point of care». El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer la situación actual de la enfermería como profesión y desarrollar una propuesta formativa de especialidad complementaria dentro del Cuerpo Militar de Sanidad, el enfermero transfusor, que permita adaptar las soluciones propuestas a las necesidades de las Fuerzas Armadas Españolas. La implementación de este perfil educativo podría mejorar la seguridad transfusional y disminuir los requisitos logísticos para conseguir la misión, que no es otra que disponer de componentes sanguíneos cumpliendo los estándares de calidad (AU)

Blood is a critical resource with limited availability, unpredictable need and high transportation dependency for its supply to operations zone. Military healthcare of allied armed forces suggests various solutions: walking blood bank, of fresh whole blood and platelet aphaeresis, fresh whole blood transfusion, frozen blood components, point of care establishment. The aim of this work is to introduce current situation of nursery as profession and develop a training proposal of complementary specialisation within the Spanish Military Healthcare Body, the transfusion nurse, which allows to adapt the proposed solutions to the Spanish Armed Forces' needs. The implementation of this educational profile could improve transfusion safety and reduce logistic requirements to accomplish the mission, which is not other than making blood components available, meeting the required quality standards (AU)

Nurses' knowledge of blood transfusion in neonate. / Saberes do enfermeiro para o cuidado no processo transfusional em recém-nascidos.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze nurses' knowledge of blood transfusion in neonates in a neonatal intensive unit care. METHODS: A descriptive and exploratory qualitative study conducted in two hospitals in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. The participants were 15 nurses who performed their activities in the neonatal intensive unit care, from August to December 2014. Data was subjected to thematic content analysis. RESULTS: The category created was divided into the following sub-categories, namely: nurses' care during blood transfusion: care during blood transfusion monitoring; a different perception of nurses regarding responses to blood transfusion and notification: the essence of care. CONCLUSION: The identification of nurses' knowledge of blood transfusion, it is possible to promote their capacity for quality and safety of care related to the transfusion process in newborns.

The Growing Need for Diverse Blood Donors.

: Research shows that phenotype matching can improve the outcomes of people who receive repeated transfusions. In addition, the demographics of the United States are shifting, and more ethnically and racially diverse donors are needed. These factors have health implications and require ongoing efforts to ensure a safe and adequate U.S. blood supply. Nurses can help to develop and implement strategies to increase the number and diversity of blood donors, ensuring donations better match the needs of transfusion recipients daily and in the event of a public health emergency.